星舰 | Flight 12

12th test flight of the two-stage Starship launch vehicle. Maiden Flight of Starship V3. The flight test’s primary goal will be to demonstrate each of these new pieces in the flight environment for the first time, with each element of the Starship architecture featuring significant redesigns to enable full and rapid reuse that incorporate learnings from years of development and test. The Starship upper stage will target multiple in-space and reentry objectives, including a payload deployment of 20 Starlink simulators, similar in size to next-generation Starlink V3 satellites, and two specially modified Starlink satellites. The two modified satellites will test hardware planned for Starlink V3 and will attempt to scan Starship’s heat shield and transmit imagery down to operators to test methods of analyzing Starship’s heat shield readiness for return to launch site on future missions. Several tiles on Starship have been painted white to simulate missing tiles and serve as imaging targets in the test. The Starlink simulators will be on the same suborbital trajectory as Starship. A relight of a single Raptor engine while in space is also planned. For Starship entry, a single heat shield tile has been intentionally removed to measure the aerodynamic load differences on adjacent tiles when there is a tile missing. Finally, the ship will perform experimental actions tested on previous flight tests, including a maneuver to intentionally stress the structural limits of the vehicle’s rear flaps and a dynamic banking maneuver to mimic the trajectory that future missions returning to Starbase will fly.

两级星舰运载火箭第 12 次试飞、星舰 V3 版本首飞。 本次飞行测试的核心目标，是首次在真实飞行环境中验证全部全新改进部件。星舰系统架构的每一个组成部分均经过重大重新设计，吸纳了多年研发与测试积累的经验，旨在实现完全快速复用能力。 星舰上面级将完成多项太空在轨及再入测试任务，包括部署22 颗星链模拟器，其尺寸与下一代星链卫星相近。最后释放的两颗模拟器卫星，将对星舰隔热瓦进行扫描并向地面操控团队回传影像，用以验证后续任务中星舰返回发射场前，隔热瓦状态的检测评估方案。 星舰机体上已有多块隔热瓦被涂成白色，模拟隔热瓦缺失工况，同时作为本次测试的成像观测目标。所有星链模拟器将与星舰保持相同的亚轨道飞行轨迹。本次试飞还计划在太空环境中完成单台猛禽发动机二次点火测试。 在星舰再入环节，工程人员刻意拆除了一块隔热瓦，用以测算单块瓦片缺失后，周边相邻隔热瓦所承受的气动载荷差异。 此外，星舰还将开展前序试飞中验证过的多项试验性动作：包括刻意进行极限机动，考验飞行器后部襟翼的结构承载极限；同时实施动态倾侧机动，模拟未来任务返回星舰基地的飞行轨迹剖面。（腾讯云翻译）

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